Tourism in Bulgaria

Tourism in Bulgaria

Tourism in Bulgaria is one of the main sectors of Bulgarian economy. Bulgaria has a well developed all kinds of tourism - recreation, sports, cultural and others. Bulgaria is a particularly popular tourist destination for recreation, Black Sea, mountain, cultural, archaeological and Speleotourism.

The development of tourism in Bulgaria

Background of organized tourism in Bulgaria begins with a pilgrimage to the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem and the Rila Monastery. In addition to pilgrimage, the Bulgarians made shopping trips to Dubrovnik, Istanbul, Bucharest, Vienna and Budapest.

Happy Birthday organized tourism in Bulgaria is August 27, 1895, when, after climbing the peak Cherni vrah massif Vitosha Club was established Bulgarian tourists - the forerunner of the modern Bulgarian Union of tourists. It happened at the initiative of Aleko Konstantinov.

In the period from World War II until the collapse of the Soviet Union Bulgaria has developed along the socialist road. After not held due to the gap between Stalin and Tito's Balkan Federation Bulgaria with its release on the southern coast of the Black Sea and Balkan Mountains scenic terrain was the most suitable for tourism socialist country. From the 60s to the 90s of the 20th century in Bulgaria is actively constructed departmental "holiday homes", mountain and sea plants for mass tourism and developing tourist infrastructure. The state took care and actively encourage all kinds of mass tourism - tourism pioneers, Komsomol, labor groups and others, almost always with an emphasis on "the role of the BCP in the organization of leisure of workers." People's Republic of Bulgaria was a very popular tourist destination for residents of East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia and the USSR.

November 10, 1989 plenum of the BCP Central Committee voted for the resignation of its secretary general and chairman of the State Council of the People's Republic of Bulgaria, Todor Zhivkov, for 37 years headed the socialist Bulgaria. The country began the deep economic and political changes. In the transition from planned to market economies has fallen sharply or completely stopped government funding of tourism. One of the first termination of funding for the lost state-owned enterprises affected by the departmental "holiday homes" and travel arrangements for groups. Tourist cottages and the station started to break and pillage. Some of them, as, for example, Buzludzha not recovered to this day. With a general decline in living standards of the population has decreased attendance and tourist facilities. A few wealthy citizens preferred destination for newly fallen Iron Curtain.

In the early 21 th century Bulgaria was adjusted market production and economic relations, and the Bulgarian economy work again. Tourist industry, like most economic sectors in the country has changed drastically. Instead of large houses and stations for mass tourism, have earned thousands of private hotels and restaurants throughout the country, not only on the Black Sea coast. Bulgaria community realized the importance of tourism for the economic development of their regions and began to develop its tourism potential - update old and build new museums and attractions, to develop the road network, improve tourist routes in the mountains, placing warning signs, tourist marking, gazebos for recreation and other tourist industry has become a priority at the state level, and the Ministry of Economy and Energy has been renamed the Ministry of Economy, Energy and Tourism. Began public financing industry, and the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union on 1 January 2007 - and Europe.

With increasing purchasing power of the Bulgarian population has recovered and tourism. The Black Sea coast were returning visitors from Romania, Serbia and Russia have come new ones - from Germany and the UK. To resorts in the Balkan Mountains also returned to the Russian tourists began to arrive and new - from Greece. For residents of Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia was cheaper to vacation in the Adriatic. While many are willing to travel to Bulgaria and their number is still lower. The Black Sea coast come even some residents of Scandinavian countries.

Foreign tourists in Bulgaria in 2009

Romania 996 716

Greece 843 547

Germany 580 381

United Kingdom 363 671

Russia 291 183

Republic of Macedonia 216 604

Turkey 210 079

Serbia 188 988

Poland 156 939

Czech Republic 155 014

Slovakia 133 338

France 121 996

Ukraine 118 566

Denmark 115 038

Sweden 109 094

Israel 105 402 and many other

Black Sea tourism in Bulgaria

The entire eastern border of Bulgaria - 394 km - runs along the Black Sea. It is substantially less salt (18 ‰), than the Mediterranean Sea (38 ‰) and oceans (35 ‰). The concentration of chloride anions (Cl-) in the coastal waters - 9,2 g / L in Sozopol and Ahtopol, 9,5 g / L in Primorsko and 9,7 g / L in Tsarevo, iodine - 3 mg / L in the Chablais, and 1 , 4 g / L in Kraptse. Chlorine and iodine anions in combination with sea salt and sun, have a strong antiseptic and restorative effect on the skin and helps in the treatment of dermatoses. Early in the morning, before sunrise, the air is saturated at the seashore iodine vapor and negative air ions, which have a strong antiseptic and restorative effect on the lungs and help in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Walking in knee-deep in the sea to help in the treatment of varicose veins. Dynamic pressure waves in the sea when you stay at the waist or chest, as well as swimming, is beneficial firming effect on the musculoskeletal, nervous system and gastrointestinal tract and helps in curing their disease. Sea water on the Bulgarian coast warmest in August - an average of 21.9 oC in Chablais, 22.4 ° in Varna and Burgas 23.8 °.

Sandy beaches occupy 200 km of Bulgarian Black Sea coast.According to the "Law on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast device", the beaches are solely state-owned Republic of Bulgaria and all citizens have the right to free access to the seashore.

The coldest month on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast - January, average temperature 0.8 °. The warmest - July average temperature 22.6 oC. The tourist season on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast starts in May and ends in September.